Missouri Law and the American Conscience by Kenneth H. Winn

Author:Kenneth H. Winn [Winn, Kenneth H.]
Language: eng
Format: epub
Tags: Nonfiction, Reference & Language, Law, Legal History, History, Americas, United States
ISBN: 9780826273567
Publisher: University of Missouri Press
Published: 2016-12-31T05:00:00+00:00

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NOTES

1. Matthew Franck, “Juvenile Justice in Missouri Serves as Model for Nation,” St. Louis Post-Dispatch, October 5, 2003, A1 (quotation).

2. Douglas E. Abrams, “Reforming Juvenile Delinquency Treatment to Enhance Rehabilitation, Personal Accountability and Public Safety,” Oregon Law Review 84 (2005), 1001, 1002, 1022–27; State ex rel SD, 832 So2d 415, 430–32, 437 (La Ct App 2002) (Louisiana juvenile prison guards “maintained order through fear, force and violence,” and that nearly a quarter of confined youths each month suffered injuries inflicted by guards and other youths, including broken jaws and other fractures; discussing fear, force, violence and injuries).

3. United States Code, vol. 42, secs. 1997–1997j (Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office, 2012).

4. Senate Committee on the Judiciary, The Civil Rights of Institutionalized Persons Act, 96th Cong., 2d sess., 1979, Senate Report No. 96–416, 2; H.R. Conference Report, 96th Cong., 2d sess., 1980, H.R. Report No. 96–897, 9 (discussing the “barbaric treatment of . . . juvenile prisoners”).

5. Fox Butterfield, “Profits at a Juvenile Prison Come with a Chilling Cost,” New York Times, July 15, 1998, A1.

6. Angie Cannon, “Juvenile Injustice: Overcrowding, Violence, and Abuse,” U.S. News & World Report (August 9, 2004), 28.

7. Solomon Moore, “Missouri System Treats Juvenile Offenders with Lighter Hand,” New York Times, March 27, 2009.

8. Alan J. Beck and David Cantor, Sexual Victimization in Juvenile Facilities Reported by Youth, 2012 (Washington, D.C.: U.S. Bureau of Justice Statistics, 2012), 4–5; Andrea J. Sedlak, Karla S. McPherson and Monica Basena, Nature and Risk of Victimization: Findings from the Survey of Youth in Residential Placement (Washington, D.C.: U.S. Justice Department, 2013), 8.

9. Abrams, “Reforming Juvenile Delinquency Treatment,” 1001, 1004–63.

10. Moore, “Missouri System Treats Juvenile Offenders.”

11. Dick Mendel, “Small Is Beautiful: The Missouri Division of Youth Services,” AdvoCasey 29 (Spring 2003), 35–36.

12. Barry Krisberg, interview with author, Columbia, MO, December 8, 2002.

13. Richard A. Mendel, Less Cost, More Safety: Guiding Lights for Reform in Juvenile Justice (Washington, D.C.: American Youth Policy Forum, 2001), 11–13.

14. Annie E. Casey Foundation, “Moving Youth from Risk to Opportunity,” Kids Count 2002 1 (July 2006), 19 (calling Missouri “a national model in juvenile corrections” and providing grants to enable the state to demonstrate its program to other states).

15. Stephanie Chen, “Teen Offenders Find a Future in Missouri,” CNN, August 25, 2009 (quotation).

16. Arthur M. Schlesinger, Jr., “Folly’s Antidote,” New York Times, January 1, 2007, A19.

17. Abrams, “Reforming Juvenile Delinquency Treatment,” 1071–77.

18. State v. Tice, 90 Mo 112, 2 SW 269, 269 (1886); State v. Adams, 76 Mo 355 (1882) (discussing the common law standards).

19. Concerning nineteenth-century executions in Missouri, see State v. Barton, 71 Mo 288, 290 (1879); Missouri Revised Statutes, sec. 1666 (1879); Missouri Revised Statutes 167, 168 sec. 3 (1835); Victor L. Streib, Death Penalty for Juveniles (Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 1987), 199; Harriet C. Frazier, “The Execution of Juveniles in Missouri,” part I, Journal of the Missouri Bar (December 1990), 633, 634.

20. Douglas E. Abrams, A Very Special Place in Life: The History of Juvenile Justice in Missouri (Jefferson City, MO: Missouri Juvenile Justice Association, 2003), 19.

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